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The FDA's Proposed New Food Labels: Sugar Content is Added, Emphasis on Calories and Portions

The FDA's Proposed New Food Labels: Sugar Content is Added, Emphasis on Calories and Portions

FDA's New Packaged Food Label Adds Focus to Sugar, Calories, and a Larger Font

The US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) announced on February 27, 2014 a proposed revised new food label for packaged foods. The FDA proposed to would include more information about sugar content, caloric content, and replace out-of-date serving sizes to better align with how much people really eat, and it would feature a new design to highlight key parts of the label such as calories and serving sizes.

First Lady Michelle Obama said "Our guiding principle here is very simple: that you as a parent and a consumer should be able to walk into your local grocery store, pick up an item off the shelf, and be able to tell whether it's good for your family. So this is a big deal, and it's going to make a big difference for families all across this country."

The Nutrition Facts label has been required on food packages for 20 years, helping consumers better understand the nutritional value of foods so they can make healthy choices for themselves and their families. The label has not changed significantly since 2006 when information on trans fat had to be declared on the label, prompting manufacturers to reduce partially hydrogenated oils, the main source of trans fat, in many of their products.

Highlights of the proposed changes to the food label

• Require information about the amount of "added sugars" in a food product. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans states that intake of added sugar is too high in the U.S. population and should be reduced. The FDA proposes to include "added sugars" on the label to help consumers know how much sugar has been added to the product.
• Update serving size requirements to reflect the amounts people currently eat. We all know that the current sizes are absurd. Look at any can of soup, for example. One tiny can is supposedly 2.5 servings. Most people eat the entire contents of the can. What and how much people eat and drink has changed since the serving sizes were first put in place in 1994. By law, serving sizes must be based on what people actually eat, not on what people "should" be eating. Present calorie and nutrition information for the whole package of certain food products that could be consumed in one sitting.
• Show information as both per serving AND per package - The proposed label has two columns to indicate both "per serving" and "per package" calorie and nutrition information for larger packages that could be consumed in one sitting or multiple sittings.
• Include potassium and vitamin D information, which are nutrients that some in the U.S. population are not getting enough of, which puts them at higher risk for chronic disease. Vitamin D is important for its role in bone health. Potassium is beneficial in lowering blood pressure. Vitamins A and C would no longer be required on the label, though manufacturers could declare them voluntarily.
• Revise the Daily Values for a variety of nutrients such as sodium, dietary fiber and Vitamin D. Daily Values are used to calculate the Percent Daily Value on the label, which helps consumers understand the nutrition information in the context of a total daily diet.
• "Calories from Fat" would be removed because research shows the type of fat is more important than the amount. The labels would continue to require "Total Fat," "Saturated Fat," and "Trans Fat" data.
• Rearrange the layout to emphasize certain elements, such as calories, serving sizes and Percent Daily Value, which are important in addressing current public health problems like obesity and heart disease. Notice how large the calorie and serving size information is in the proposed label.
• Smaller label: Nutrition Facts Label Proposed Format (350x660) compared with the current size, (350x690)

Why did the FDA propose these changes to the food label?

The FDA says "By revamping the Nutrition Facts label, FDA wants to make it easier than ever for consumers to make better informed food choices that will support a healthy diet." said Michael R. Taylor, the FDA's deputy commissioner for foods and veterinary medicine. "To help address obesity, one of the most important public health problems facing our country, the proposed label would drive attention to calories and serving sizes."

Which labels are affected?

The changes proposed today affect all packaged foods except certain meat, poultry and processed egg products, which are regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service.

The FDA is also proposing to make corresponding updates to the Supplement Facts label on dietary supplements where applicable.

Additional information

The agency is accepting public comment on the proposed changes for 90 days.

• US FDA Press release
  For more information:
  Media Inquiries: Theresa Eisenman, 301-796-2805, [email protected].
  Consumers Inquiries: 888-INFO-FDA
  Federal Register notice

The CURRENT food label


• USA Today - Proposed food labels stress calories, sugar, portions
  Kim Painter, Special for USA TODAY 12:39 a.m. EST February 27, 2014
  The FDA and first lady announce the first new nutrition labels in two decades.
  "The listing of added sugars will help consumers sort out which sugar comes from the peaches in their canned peaches and which comes from sweeteners, Jacobson says. The same goes, he says, for foods such as sweetened yogurt, where some sugar comes from milk and fruit but a lot comes from added sugar."
• CNN Health - Nutrition labels getting a makeover
  By Jacque Wilson and Jen Christensen, CNN
  updated 6:52 AM EST, Thu February 27, 2014
  "Chemically, added sugar is the same, but studies show many Americans eat more sugar than they realize. The American Heart Association recommends you limit added sugar to no more than half your daily discretionary calories. That means for American men, about 150 calories a day, or nine teaspoons. For women it's a smaller amount -- no more than 100 calories per day from added sugar, or about six teaspoons of sugar.
  A USDA study released last month showed 42% of working-age adults between 29 and 68 looked at these labels most or all of the time when shopping. Some 57% of Americans older than 68 did as well. That's up from 2007, when 34% of working-age adults looked at the label, and 51% of Americans older than 68 did."
• New York Times - New F.D.A. Nutrition Labels Would Make 'serving Sizes' Reflect Actual Servings
  By SABRINA TAVERNISEFEB. 27, 2014
  "Twenty-ounce bottles of soda would be counted as one serving, rather than the 2.5 servings often listed now. And the serving size listed on cartons of ice cream, currently a half-cup, would be increased to one cup.
  "Half a cup of ice cream is absurd," Professor Nestle said. "Unless you go to a really fancy restaurant, you're lucky to come out under two cups."
  Other public health officials were skeptical, arguing that too few Americans use nutrition labels for the changes to make much of a difference. Others argued that restaurants, which are a major source of calories for Americans and have increased portion sizes substantially, are the biggest offenders.
  "This is a false victory," said Barry M. Popkin, a health researcher at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill..."
• ABC News - New Food Labels Would Highlight Calories and Sugar
  WASHINGTON February 27, 2014 (AP)
  By MARY CLARE JALONICK Associated Press
  Excerpt:
  "Calories would be in larger, bolder type, and consumers for the first time would know whether foods have added sugars under label changes being proposed by the Obama administration. Serving sizes would be updated to make them more realistic. A serving of ice cream, for example, would double to a full cup, closer to what people actually eat."
• CBS News - Nutrition fact label changes proposed by FDA
  ByRYAN JASLOWCBS NEWSFebruary 27, 2014, 12:01 AM
  "Vitamin D and potassium will make appearances on the nutrition facts for the first time, replacing vitamins A and C. That's because vitamin D and potassium are two nutrients that some Americans are not getting enough of, according to the FDA, when they play important roles in benefiting bone health and blood pressure, respectively. Calcium and iron will remain, and manufacturers can choose to put in vitamins A and C if they wish."
• Center for Science in the Public Interest - Bring Food Labeling into the 21st Century!
  This illustration shows some of the ways in which food labels could be improved (click to view larger version) :
  

Links to US FDA pages and regulations

• Federal Register notice
• 2nd Federal Register notice
• Nutrition Facts at a Glance
• Questions and Answers
• Consumer Update: Nutrition Facts Label: Proposed Changes Aim to Better Inform Food Choices
• Consumer Update: Food Serving Sizes Getting a Reality Check
• Consumer Update: Proposed Nutrition Facts Label Changes Based on Science and Research
• FDA Voice Blog
• What's Different infographic (PDF - 587KB)
• Serving size infographic (PDF - 556KB)
• Sound bites
• Let's Move!

Related Information

Wheat Gluten Allergies Gluten-Free Labeling of Foods

An estimated 3 million people in the United States have celiac disease. In people with celiac disease, foods that contain gluten trigger production of antibodies that attack and damage the lining of the small intestine. Such damage limits the ability of celiac disease patients to absorb nutrients and puts them at risk of other very serious health problems, including nutritional deficiencies, osteoporosis, growth retardation, infertility, miscarriages, short stature, and intestinal cancers.

• On August 2, 2013, FDA issued a final rule defining "gluten-free" for food labeling, which will help consumers, especially those living with celiac disease, be confident that items labeled "gluten-free" meet a defined standard for gluten content.

  • News Release: FDA defines "gluten-free" for food labeling
    The regulation will provide a uniform standard for manufacturers who choose to label their products as "gluten-free." It will also help the estimated one in every 133 people - about 3 million people in the United States who have celiac disease, a condition that can only be managed by eating a gluten-free diet.
  • Federal Register Notice for the Gluten-Free Labeling Final Rule
  • Questions & Answers: FDA's Final Rule on Gluten-Free Labeling
  • Consumer Update: What is Gluten-Free? FDA Has an Answer
    People with celiac disease can now have confidence in the meaning of a "gluten free" label on foods.
  • Food Facts: Gluten and Food Labeling: FDA's Regulation of "Gluten-Free" Claims
  • Blog: Gluten-Free Labeling Consumers Can Count On